APA Citation Style: Audio-Visual Media

• Film & TV series
• Video
• Music recording
• Podcast
• Tables and Figures
• Artworks
• Images / photos

Images / photos

Note that if you are using images in your thesis/dissertation/assignment, you have to check the copyright/usage rights information for each item. For more information about Image Copyright check our Libguide.

Photograph

McCurry, S. (1985). Afghan girl [Photograph]. National Geographic. https://xxxxx

Note: Use this format to cite (but not reproduce)photographs or other artwork not connected to a museum.

For untitled photograph, include a description in square brackets in place of a title.

Infographic

Rossman, J., & Palmer, R. (2015). Sorting through our space junk [Infographic]. World Science Festival. https://xxxxx

Clip art or stock image

GDJ. (2018). Neural network deep learning prismatic [Clip art]. Openclipart. https://xxxxx

Exhibition catalog:

Kahukiwa, R. (1995). Robyn Kahukiwa: Works from 1985-1995 [Exhibition catalogue]. Wellington, New Zealand: Bowen Galleries.

Tables include numerical values or text displayed in rows and columns.

Figures include any type of illustration (chart, graph, photograph, drawing maps) other than a table.

Note: If you want to use table or figure from another source in your thesis, dissertation or article, you will have to ask for permission the original copyright owners of the work. When permission has been granted, you should include "Reprinted with permission" under the reproduced tables, figures and images.

Tables

General guidelines:

• Number tables subsequently (no italics, above the table): Table 1, Table 2…; each table has to be referred to in the text: … as shown in Table 1.
• Title: place it above the table itself and below the table number; italics, capitalize each word, no full stop; brief, but clear and explanatory.
• Notes: place directly below the table, the word "Note" in italics with a full stop, for example and explain abbreviations, symbols etc.; acknowledge the source of the table or include a copyright statement at the end of the note.

Figures

General guidelines:

• Number figures subsequently (italics, below the figure): Figure 1, Figure 2
• Caption: serves as an explanation and title; below the figure; italics; if you use a figure that has been adapted or copied directly from another source, you need to reference that original source with a caption underneath the figure (image); give concise explanation of the figure; include copyright information;
• Legend: explains the symbols used in the figure; the same kind and proportion of lettering that appear in the rest of the figure; capitalized major words in the legend; place the legend within the figure.

Audiovisual media includes motion pictures, audio or television broadcasts (including podcasts), and static objects (maps, artworks, photos).

Reference format:

Director, D. D. (Director). (2020). Title of work [Description]. Production Company. https://xxxxxx

Writer, W. W. (Writer) & Director, D. D. (Director). (2020). Title of episode (Season No., Episode No.) [Description]. In P. P. Producer (Executive Producer). Title of TV series. Production Company. https://xxxxx

Source: American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association: The official guide to APA style. (7th ed.). 

Artwork in a museum or a museum website

Examples:

Modigliani, A. (1919). Elvira resting at a table [Painting]. Saint Louis Art Museum, St. Louis, MO, United States.

Delacroix, E. (1826-1827). Faust attempts to seduce Marguerite [Lithograph]. The Louvre, Paris, France.

Raverat, G. (2008). Travellers [Woodcut]. Ackland Art Museum, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.

Giotto. [ca. 1310 ACE]. Scenes from the New Testament: Flight into Egypt [Fresco]. Assisi, Italy: Sacro convento di S. Francesco.

Image of an artwork

Examples:

Marc, F. (1912). The red deer [Painting].  http://www.artstor.org/

Du Maurier, G. [ca. 1881]. George Du Maurier [Drawing].  http://www.npg.org.uk/collections

Hipkins, G. (2006). The shaman (blue) [Photograph]. http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/object/778464

Map

Cable, D. (2013). The radical dot map [Map]. University of Virginia, Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service. https://xxxxx

Google. (n.d.). [Google Maps directions for driving from La Paz, Bolivia to Lima, Peru]. Retrieved February 16, 2020., from https://goo.gl/YYE3GR